Essay on Aircraft Accident-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Compose an article on your preferred airplane mishap from the progressed streamlined point. Answer: Presentation An air crash is the aeronautics setback and mishap (He Li, 2011). A great deal of the aircrafts like helicopter, planes, stream planes and air inflatables are intended to ensure that there is a colossal degree of wellbeing gave to travelers. All things considered, the aeronautics mishaps happen and are hurtful to lives. It is unavoidable mishap that cant be anticipated. It brings the terrible death toll. These flight mishaps can happen because of different key factors, for example, human mistake, terrible climatic conditions, and disappointment of motor, avionics component breakdown or breakdown of the gadget. Aside from that, other common factors that lead to the flight mishaps are the blunders of traffic control framework, feathered creature strikes, fire in the lodge, and imperfections in configuration, harm, lacking fuelling, high jacking and lighting issues. The instance of an Asiana Airlines Flight 214 Boeing with number 777-200ER, HL7742 San Francisco, California, has been con sidered to comprehend the aptitudes that are required to be educated to the individuals who look to be a piece of the directing profession. Reasons for occasion The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) assessed various measures concerning weariness like the last rest and its quality, circadian angles alongside the timeframe alert and so on. It was reasoned that the primary driver of the mishap was that during that mishap all the three pilots had been experiencing any sort of weariness. This may be an unsettling influence in the circadian regularityand having less or broken rest then normal rest. In this manner, the exhibitions of the considerable number of pilots were ruined at the hour of mishap. Exhaustion is a human angle which isn't anything but difficult to be characterized yet when we take a gander at others we can distinguish this inclination. It very well may be a mental/mental or physical sort of exhaustion. By mental/mental weakness there can be a drop found in the psychological conduct. It decreases the ability to do any errand in a protected a powerful way. Then again, a physical weakness happens when the muscles are worn out and the individual can't maintain ideal physical execution. Weariness can be a short lived circumstance on account of insufficient rest anyway it can bring serious physical and mental inability. Weakness is usuallyconfused with the terms like sluggishness or sleepiness. Despite the fact that drowsiness and weariness are interrelated still they can't be named as equivalent words. According to the International common avionics association, weakness can be characterized as-a physiological state of a diminished passionate or physical execution limit which is caused because of lacking rest or broad fretfulness, circadian stage or unnecessary outstanding burden which can ruin the crewmembers mindfulness and ability to securely do the errand/obligations (ICAO, 2013). For surveying the reason for the mishap the quantity of long stretches of rest of the pilot flying, pilot checking and the eyewitness had been assessed regarding their typical rest hours. According to the reports by NTSB, the pilot who was flying the airplane had got less long periods of rest then his typical in the 24 hours preceding the incident. So it very well may be seen that the fundamental driver of the setback was nonconsolidated rest which isn't similarly helpful to the combined one. Likewise despite the fact that the pilot checking and the eyewitness revealed that they had sufficient rest in the past 24 hours anyway that rest was divided which diminished the therapeutic worth. One more reason for the mishap was that all these three individuals were confronting the issue of weakness in light of the fact that the hour of mishap was among their ordinary dozing hours. Now of time theirphysiological mindfulness was at its least. Outcomes of the occasion According to the NTSBs reports gave: 3 out of the 291 travelers were truly injured, 40 workers got serious injuries. The Boeing was harmed by a post-impact flares and crash administrations. Essential and secondarycauses of the mishap Despite the fact that Asiana had attempted various strides for forestalling and relieving weakness, still the essential driver of this mishap was exhaustion. The means engaged with preparing the pilots and the mishap groups on the circumstances and logical results of exhaustion (Williams, 2017). In this preparation the techniques were additionally been shared for minimisation of weariness and the flight group was told about the rest exercises. There were arrangement of pivoting the essential and assuage pilots all together that pilots were consistently mindful. Despite the fact that there was an Observer additionally aside for the screen so the essential flight groups exercises were recorded in the checking limit was improved. Past every one of these measures being embraced, the timings of this flight had colossal odds of causing weariness. So it very well may be said that essential driver of this mishap was the weakness and the auxiliary reason had been timing or booking of the flig ht. Chain of occasions that prompted inevitable mishap There was flight group's blunder as from the earliest starting point there had been a period of stress that diminished the limit ofpilotto screen the flyingpilotsactivities. Thiswas whenthere was an accidental deactivation of programmed velocity control framework. Despite the fact that when the plane was at 200 feet One or twocrewmembersgot to know about the lower velocity andsituation howeverno move was made and tell the airplane went beneath hundred feet. After this, the circumstance went out of hand. The flight team was confronting exhaustion, which prompted the degree of theactivities whiledoing their work. There was even non-normalized correspondence and coordination among the flying pilot and financial pilot when they needed to settle on decisions for controlling the AFDS (autopilot flight chief framework) and A/T (autothrottle) was there. There was a perplexity which carried debasement of their capacities to manage A/T and AFDS. So there was a progression of errors like insufficiency of Crew checking of velocity signals which was caused because of exhaustion, reliance on robotization, higher remaining task at hand, and high anticipation. Considerably after this there had been delayedstart-upof recuperation ventures by the flying pilot and the observing pilot once they became more acquainted with off the low-force and low velocity. This happened dueto mixtureof shock, non-normalized correspondence and the perplexity of job duty. The NTSB discovered that the conceivable reason for the incident was set of occasions like: The airplanes groups bungle prompted the airplane crash, the pilot who was flying unintended deactivated the programmed year speeding control framework, Flight group individuals were not sufficiently checking the velocity, Flight group individuals additionally postponed the minding out of their activity once they came to know about the airplane beingunderthe adequate floating part and velocity limits. So all in all,it can be said that the occasions which prompted the disaster were complexities of autothrottle and auto pilot flying chief plans that were not adequately clarified in Boeing's reports and Asiana's pilot direction, which prompted the odds of mistaken mode.Alsothere was non-normalized correspondence and coordination among the group individuals which was as far as theutilisationof autothrottle and auto pilot flight frameworks. The pilot who was flying was not sufficiently trainedtowardsthe planningand gettingout of visual frameworks. The checking pilot or the educator was additionally not satisfactorily directing the pilot who was flying the airplane. At last every one of these variables were joined with the team's exhaustion which minimized the exhibitions. Proposals for flight wellbeing improvement According to NTSB it is suggested that important advances are attempted for dealing with such circumstances anyway it is likewise conceded that it is profoundly muddled to completely expel the weakness of team individuals while working for long far off flights. Still this undertaking isn't inconceivable and the recommendations are made that aircrafts can assemble the data with respect to the pilot weakness while completing the activities. By utilization of this information assembled little alterations can be made in booking and various perspectives, which can help in amplification of the remainder of the pilots and minimisation of occurring of weakness while there is work pressure. This sort of approach is suggested by ICAO directions booklets where in the subject of weakness hazard the board framework (FRMS) is clarified. During this accident, Asiana was at the underlying period of arranging and creating and FRMS. According to the report gave by NTSB, in the event that FRMS is made and executed one time, at that point it can prompt decrease of flight group individuals' weariness. Since this carrier has trans-meridian flights and long durational flights hence it is suggested that the improvement of FRMS is assisted. It is additionally suggested that the flight team individuals follow the administrator SOPs and experience the best possible preparing so that there is improvement in their correspondence, and does prompting alleviation of effects of an interpretation of long durational flights. Along these lines the upgrades in these perspectives are recommended References He, G., Li, X. (2011). Numerical Simulation of Loitering Aircraft Aerodynamics in Low Speed Flight. Propelled Materials Research, 204-210, 139-143. Universal Civil Aviation Organization: Proposals Concerning Unlawful Interference Against International Civil Aviation. (2013).International Legal Materials,9(06), 1183-1217. Williams, M. (2017).Boeing 777 from Seoul crashes on arriving at San Francisco airport.The Guardian. Recovered 23 August 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/06/san-francisco-air terminal plane-crash-boeing

Middle Colonies Essays

Center Colonies Essays Center Colonies Essay Center Colonies Essay Article Topic: Center School The North American Colonies are separated into three sub provinces; the sub states are the New England Colony, the Middle Colony, and the Southern Colony. The New England Colony comprises of Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. The Middle Colony comprises of Delaware, Pennsylvania, New York, and New Jersey. The Southern Colony comprises of Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. The economies that created in these three regions are totally different. The New England Colony economy depended on shipbuilding, angling, ambling, and little scope means cultivating. The Middle Colony built up an economy dependent for shipbuilding, little scope cultivating, exchanging, and in the long run, fabricating. The Southern Colony was predominantly founded on agribusiness. The Middle Colony was the most gainful in their monetary job in the thirteen settlements on account of the measure of work created, the kind of work that was done, and the cash produced. The Middle Colony was most beneficial in light of the fact that they had the best atmosphere for the various sorts of monetary exercises. The New England Colony built up an economy dependent on shipbuilding, angling, blundering, and little scope resource cultivating. The regular assets of the New England Colony incorporate trees, whales, fish, and hides. Fish and other fish are sent out to Spain, Portugal, and the West Indies through the Columbian Exchange to make huge benefits. The fish incorporates mollusks, lobsters, shellfish, fish, and whales. Whaling likewise makes a major benefit on the grounds that such huge numbers of parts of the whale are utilized. The long virus winters and poor soil made cultivating troublesome. The great measures of timber empowered their own boat building and exchanging. Harbors caused ocean exchange to increment and become an extraordinary wellspring of riches. The disturbing turn of events and forcefulness of extraordinary business people and partnerships, except if checked, will definitely prompt the pauperization and sad corruption of the worked masses. It is basic, on the off chance that we want to appreciate the full favors of life, that a check be put upon uncalled for collection, and the influence for shrew dness of totaled riches. † The Middle Colony was the most beneficial out of every one of them three. The Middle Colony created economies dependent for shipbuilding, little scope cultivating, exchanging, and in the long run, fabricating. The resilience of religion brought about the Middle Colony’s accomplishment as the business focal point of the North American Colony. The Middle Colony was otherwise called the bread bushel of the thirteen settlements in light of their huge grain send out. Processing plants in Maryland delivered iron and production lines in Pennsylvania created paper and materials. Exchange with England was copious in these provinces too. Assembling in the Middle Colony included iron mineral items like instruments, pots, nails and furrows and gigantic squares of iron to fare to Britain. Likewise fabricating was an exceptionally huge industry; they made-timekeepers, watches’, firearms, locks, material, and caps. Exchange the Middle Colony included sent out agrarian items and normal assets, imported European fabricated products, yet never they created triangular exchange courses. The Southern Colony is the least beneficial of all since they don't accomplish the work themselves. Virginia and the other Southern Colony created economies in the eastern beach front swamps dependent on enormous estates that develop â€Å"cash crops†, for example, tobacco, rice, and indigo for fare to Europe through the Atlantic slave exchange. It should promptly to be surrendered that the development of the earthâ€as the essential and most certain wellspring of national supplyâ€as the quick and boss wellspring of resource to man†as the chief wellspring of those materials which establish the nutriment of different sorts of laborâ€as including a state generally gre at for the opportunity and autonomy of the human mindâ€one, maybe, generally helpful for the augmentation of the human speciesâ€has naturally a solid case to pre-prominence over each other sort of industry. The fundamental element of the South was the ranch, a huge plot of land that contained a lot of sections of land of farmland and structures where the individuals lived on, who possessed the land and the individuals who worked the land. After some time the south built up the possibility of subjugation and it turned into a key piece of the southern economy. During the seventeenth and eighteenth hundreds of years numerous Negro slaves from Africa were brought toward the South to deal with the manors. The slaves had no privileges of their own. Some Southern Colonies passed laws saying that the Africans could be purchased and sold as slaves. The economy became progressively reliant on subjugation and rotated around the southern culture. The monetary and social classes turned out to be progressively isolated. Moreover, the atmospheres of these three zones played a main consideration in the economy of these states. The atmosphere of the New England Colony was colder than the other two arrangement of Colonies since it is the most remote north. The geology of the New England Colony comprises of numerous slopes and rough soil, and took into account a few developing seasons and bolstered money crops. The mostly unglaciated Middle Colonies appreciated prolific soil boundlessly not the same as the close by New England Colonies, which contained progressively rough soil. Wide safe waterways of loosened up ebb and flow like the Susquehanna River, the Delaware River, and the Hudson River pulled in various business. The atmosphere in the Middle Colony was moderately hotter than the New England Colony, taking into account a more drawn out developing season. The topography of the Southern Colony is rich soil. The developing season went on for seven or eight months. The numerous conduits along the southern coast shaped the tidewater area. The topography permitted the estate proprietors to create a lot of harvests, which permitted the proprietors to extend their ranches, purchase more slaves, and further increment their riches. My decision is that the Middle Colony was the most profitable of the Colony. The Middle Colony was the most profitable in their monetary job in the thirteen settlements in light of the measure of work created the work that was done and the cash that came in. The Middle Colony was most profitable on the grounds that the fundamental component was the enterprises, wherein everybody had a vocation and worked for large scale manufacturing. The Middle Colony relied upon the individuals and not there captives to develop the land for them. The individuals in the Middle Colony accomplished all the work themselves, and because of the area had numerous favorable circumstances over the New England Colony and the Southern Colony. The 13 American Colonies Part 2: Characteristics of the Colonies. Social Studies for Kids. Web. 17 Mar. 2010. . The 13 American Colonies Part 2: Characteristics of the Colonies. Social Studies for Kids. Web. 6 Mar. 2010. . Alexander Hamilton, Report on Manufactures. History Web Pages. Web. 6 Mar. 2010. . HADC Preamble and Declaration of Principles of the Knights of Labor of America. Chicago History Museum |. Web. 6 Mar. 2010. . Life in Middle Colonies. East Buchanan Community Schools. Web. 6 Mar. 2010. . Center and Southern Colonies, Slavery in the Southern Colonies, Map of the Southern Colonies, New England Middle and Southern Colonies, Maps of the Southern Colonies, Geography of the Southern Colonie s, Southern Colonies Climate, Southern Colonies Economy, American Southern Colonies,

It happens to Helen

It happens to Helen DID YOU KNOW? Homemade mayonnaise is actually acidic enough to kill any salmonella bacteria that might grow in it. Thus, you can actually leave it out at room temperature without fear of food poisioning. This new admissions site is really something, huh? I just look and I see categories, endless categories, and I want to fill them all with my insights on The MIT Campus and General Institute Requirements and MITs Influence on the World. It almost makes me want to stop writing my usual blog entries about things like particularly delicious burritos I ate, or professors who I saw naked in the Z Center. But yesterday I saw another professor naked in the Z Center as I was getting changed for my evening run. Now, I didnt say anything like, Hi Professor, I really enjoyed your class in inorganic chemistry and think you have a remarkable gift for conveying the subtleties of group theory in a rigorous yet accessible manner. But, well, I could have. Because really, MIT professors are in general pretty approachable people. But, seriously, seeing your professor naked is awkward enough, and, well, have you ever introduced yourself someone while theyre naked? Ive also seen this professor going to undergrad spectrometry classes and waiting in line at Annas Taqueria at 8 PM at night. Now, professors at MIT are generally pretty approachable by undergrads, but I think thats taking things a little far. Ive heard from people who have done UROPs in his lab that hes actually just one of the most hardworking and motivated professors on campus and that sometimes he sticks around in his lab until midnight running experiments. Maybe its just a testament to campus food options that he chooses Annas Taqueria, a cheap burrito place in the student center, for dinner during his all-night vigils in lab. And I was just thinking, UROP (pronounced yer op), is actually one of the most versatile words in the MIT vernacular, if not in the recorded history of language. noun any undergraduate research position that requires paperwork filed through the UROP office I took my UROP for credit last term, but I really need some money after that awesome ski trip I went on during IAP. noun the location of ones UROP Im on my way to UROP in building 66, so I can drop off that package for you in 56. noun one who is performing a UROP Grad students in my lablove having UROPs because they can play computer games instead of handling actual lab equipment. adjective pertaining to ones UROP My UROP professor gave me a raise this term because of my three years of hard work for campus minimum wage. Nice! verb to work in a UROP Im UROPping until 5 today, but I can meet you in kendall square right after that. Verbing weirds words. Okay, Ill be rafting in Maine with Burton-Conner these next two days, so you have something to look forward to hearing about. Dont eat any spinach while Im gone! I mean it!

Evolution of Cognitive Psychology - 1105 Words

Running head: EVOLUTION OF COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY PAPER Evolution of Cognitive Psychology PSYCH 560 Latrice T. Colbert Julie Bruno, Psy.D September 6, 2010 Cognition is a term referring to the mental processes involved in gaining knowledge and comprehension, including thinking, knowing, remembering, judging and problem-solving. Not only is cognitive psychology central to everything a person does in his or her everyday life, it is also central to psychology’s quest to understand how people think and act. Cognitive psychology is a key player within the interdisciplinary field of study termed â€Å"cognitive science.† Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary effort to understand the mind. Cognitive science includes a number of†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, linguist Noam Chomsky challenged Skinner’s S-R view of language. He argued that the concept of stimulus control has no meaning in language. Robinson-Riegler amp; Robinson-Riegler (2008) stated Chomsky’s critique of Skinner was so devastating that it was met by silence from the behaviorist for over a decade; they simply didn’t have a n answer for it.† The movement toward a new science of mind now had undeniable momentum. Conceptually behavior was failing as a satisfactory explanation of behavior. Behaviorism, the dominant explanatory paradigm, was failing. Around the same time that behaviorism was faltering, emerging technologies such as communication systems and computers, provided useful models for describing the process of thinking and investigating its components. The development of computers made a dramatic impact on the newly developing science of the mind. It was made clear that computers could do some intellectual things as well as the human mind. According to Robinson-Riegler amp; Robinson-Riegler (2008) computers could think simple to the way humans think. Computers handle information in three basic stages: input, some type of processing, and output. Humans can be thought of in the same way, taking in information through a sensory system, processing the information, and responding to it. Cognitiv e psychologyShow MoreRelatedEvolution of Cognitive Psychology1054 Words   |  5 PagesEvolution of Cognitive Psychology Cognitive psychology is defined as â€Å"the scientific study of mental processes† (Riegler Riegler 2008, p. 1). During the 1960s, cognitive psychology became an emerging presence in the field of psychology. During this time period, attention to the study of â€Å"how internal states, such as thoughts, feelings, and moods influence behavior† (Cherry 2010, p. 12). Cognitive psychology studies how individuals think, comprehend language, and form beliefs. Human developmentRead MoreThe Evolution of Cognitive Psychology Essay1951 Words   |  8 PagesThe Evolution of Cognitive Psychology Definition of Cognition Cognition is the mental process or faculty of acquiring knowledge by the use of perception, reasoning or intuition. This is the mental process of knowing, which including aspects such as; perception, judgment, attention, reasoning, producing language, remembering, understanding, decision making and solving problems. Cognition is generally defined as the mental process and activity used in perception, remembering and thinkingRead MoreEssay on human evolution1305 Words   |  6 Pageshuman evolution and the history of psychology for the modern psychologist. For the human evolution, the essay will be addressing on how we and other species descended from our ancestors and how the different environment has helped to us to become more adaptable. 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This influences different structures of the personality of the person as well. In addition, a person that is committed to psychodynamics would believe that the fundamentalRead MoreCognitive Psychology And The Management And Treatment Of Mental Illness1352 Words   |  6 Pagesstrengths and weaknesses and there similarities and differences. AC1.1, AC3.1 Biological psychology looks at the biological aspects of behaviour. It looks at how the brain s structure, chemistry, activity and genetic make-up etc. relates to behaviour. Cognitive psychology focuses on the way the brain processes information, how people perceive, understand, make decisions about and remember information. Cognitive psychologists would put information in to be processed and then see what the brain doesRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture And How Studying Psychology Can Improve Critical Thinking818 Words   |  4 Pagesimprove the future is the inherent mission of history. The study of psychologies past endeavors to help future generations of psychology-minded individuals how the past discoveries that were implemented, and altered within the field. As with any history, knowing the successes, and possible mistakes in the within the field development can only assist future experiences. In examining the history of the psychology, upcoming psychology students are able to t alk over the age-old debate of nature versus

Minimum Wage Has Caused The Greatest Concern - 1287 Words

Rent, groceries, health care, clothes, and transportation are just a few of the many things that all people need in order to make a decent living. In this twenty-first century world all of these things cost various amounts of money depending on what that individual is able to afford. Since the start of the Industrial Revolution, people were divided by a thin line that separated the wealthy from the poor, a line that still exists today. It is said that money makes the world go ‘round yet so many people have plenty of it while others find it hard to come by. Throughout history government has tried to put a limit on a wage that they believe would best provide an individual with the bare necessities of life, unfortunately, with the modernizing†¦show more content†¦This wage was only twenty-five cents which was implemented to give all workers of that time fair working standards. Since then the national amount of minimum wage has increased, the latest increase being from $5. 15 to the current $7.25 back in the summer of 2009. These changes in wages were made to adjust wages according to the amount of inflation issues of that particular time. When there is inflation prices of goods increase while wages stay the same, therefore, making it harder for a person living on minimum wage to afford the minor goods they need to survive. However, the primary reason for minimum wage is that since it serves as a wage floor there is leeway to create more economic growth and reduce the poverty level here in the United States. Now after raising the minimum wage to $7.25 six years ago, there has been a great deal of inflation between then and now that has pushed the issue of raising it once again. This particular issue has led to a serious debate that has divided economists into a 50/50 on going disagreement. Since there are already so many problems with the current minimum wage and even more problems that can occur if it was to be increased economist have taken many dif ferent aspects into consideration. About half of the economist studying this issue believe that while increasing the minimum wage can be beneficial, the current $7.25 minimum wage should not be increased due to the reasons

The Environmental Issue of Overpopulation Free Essays

The Environmental Issue of Overpopulation Jakira West June 10, 2012 The Environmental Issue of Overpopulation As time passes and our world’s population continues to grow, overpopulation is becoming a very serious issue deserving of the upmost acknowledgement and consideration. Throughout history crowding of the earth and the overuse of the world’s natural resources has hardly been a main concern. Today however, with a population of 7 billion people and counting, the diminishment of the earth’s resources has become a more serious issue than ever before. We will write a custom essay sample on The Environmental Issue of Overpopulation or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to the Environmental Protection Agency, overpopulation occurs when a population’s density exceeds the capacity of the environment to supply the health requirements of an individual. In other words, overpopulation happens when the amount of individuals exceeds the amount of resources the individuals require in order to satisfy their most basic needs. Overpopulation has become an issue because our earth can only provide so much for the sustainment of every human life. In the past, more industrialized and populated countries have been main contributors to the pollution and plundering of the Earth. The United Nations reports that population increases have slowed and even stopped in places such as North America, Japan, and Europe. Still, the growth in population of places such as sub-Saharan Africa and south and western Asia has been a significant factor in the increase of the world’s population. â€Å"Industrialized countries in the past have done their share of plundering and polluting. But today most such problems occur in developing countries commonly called the Third World, which also happen to be the areas of greatest population growth† (Nat Geo). The global population rises at the rate of 78 million people per year. A problem within the problem of overpopulation is the fact that the fastest growing countries are the least able to afford their large populations. â€Å"Africa’s population has tripled since 1960 and continues to grow the fastest. Europe had twice as many people as Africa in 1960. By 2050 experts estimate there will be three times as many Africans as Europeans† (Nat Geo). The idea of more people may not seem like a big deal, but it is a huge deal when everyone’s most basic needs cannot be met because there are too many people. The United Nations believes that as the 21st century approaches, more than a billion people will lack their most basic needs. Nearly three-fifths of the 4. 8 people in developing countries lack sanitation and other needs as it is. In 1798, British economist Thomas Malthus proposed the theory that population growth would surpass that ability to produce food, and this, he said, would lead to war, famine, and disease (Nat Geo). Pollution, exploitation of natural resources, and deforestation are just a few of the effects of overpopulation. Another negative aspect of overpopulation is the issue of waste management. More people means more waste, and more waste means that a serious innovation in waste management must occur. Otherwise the poor management of waste will lead to massive disease outbreaks. Besides this, more waste also means more pollution. Every year the United Nations observes a World Population Day. On this day there is great fanfare, the government officials issues statements regarding depopulation programs, and the media has a field day with the talk of depopulation methods. Many people are apprehensive in regards to the subject of overpopulation and some blame overpopulation as the real cause for poverty and underdevelopment. However, there are those that don’t view the subject as a threat and that the facts should be thoroughly reviewed before making such claims. Doug Allen, dean of the school of Architecture at Georgia Institute of Technology, believes that overpopulation isn’t a serious concern seeing as how architects and urban design experts don’t even consider the theory when they build their models. He also goes on to cite the falling birthrates in urban populations such as Italy as further proof. Many researchers have claimed that the problem is not too many people and that contrary to popular belief, world population growth is actually declining. According to UN figures, the 79 countries that comprise 40 percent of the world’s population now have fertility rates too low to prevent population decline. According to Dr. Osterfeld of St. Joseph’s College in Rensselaer, Indiana, â€Å"by meaningful measure the world is actually becoming relatively less populated (Jan). Despite the belief that the world is not becoming overpopulated, the world’s population has been increasing since the eighteenth century. Population has risen six-fold in the past 200 years and this has been made possible by explosions in productivity, resources food, information, communications, science, and medicine. Supposedly, the six-fold increase is thus dwarfed by the eighty-fold in world output during the same 200-year period. The current overpopulation hysteria began in the sixties with Paul Ehrlich who wrote the book â€Å"The Population Bomb† and frightened millions with prophesies of starvation, death, and destruction (Jan). Ehrlich predicted increases in famine, dwindling and rising expenses of natural resources, piles of waste, and environmental destruction, all of which are occurring as we speak. According to the U. S. Census Bureau’s International Data Base, by the year 2050, India will replace China as the world’s most populated country (Hoevel). This will happen as a result of each country’s rapid population growth rate. If India and China continue to grow at their current rates, their countries will become overpopulated and their resources will become jeopardized. The president of the Population Institute, Lawrence Smith, believes that the worst possible result of overpopulation would be the diminishment of fresh, clean water (Hoevel). I completely agree with this because obviously no living organism can be so without water. Fresh water is a valuable and diminishing resource. Two percent of the earth’s water is fresh and 1. 6 percent is frozen in polar ice caps and glaciers. A huge issue we will have in the near future is how the increasing population will share less than half percent of the earths usable freshwater. With that said, uranium will also become a valuable and diminishing resource because the nuclear power generated by uranium is used to run seawater desalinization plants (Mills). One of the biggest issues with the growing population rate is that it means there will be many more mouths to feed. As of right now, we do not have enough food to do that, so we will need to grow more. To grow more food, we will need to yield to arable lands and find more fresh water, and we will also need more nuclear energy (uranium). Potash will also become a valuable and diminishing resource because it is one of the macronutrients essential for plants to grow and thrive. Potash is a major source of potassium, which is found in every plant cell. The increase use of plant nutrients will be most effective in increasing crop yields in the face of an increasing global population and water shortages (Mills). In conclusion, overpopulation has a number of effects and will cause a myriad of chain effects. Scientists, economists, and investors alike all see vital issues aroused by the growth in our population. It is a serious matter because it will lead to the exhaustion of our already diminishing natural resources as well as disease outbreaks and even more pollution. Technology has struggled to keep up with and tend to the problem of overpopulation, yet the challenge to find more efficient and environmentally friendly ways to preserve the earth and feed the world still remains. Our natural resources must be reserved and used efficiently. While some countries are making strides within their own borders to halt the issue, the only solution to the problem of overpopulation is for the nations to come together and decide a civil, humane, and environmentally friendly way to work towards the management and preservation of the earth and her resources. Works Cited Hoevel, Ann. â€Å"Overpopulation Could Be People, Planet Problem. † CNN. 25 Sept. 2007. Web. 19 May 2012. http://articles. cnn. com/2007-0925/tech/overpopulation. overview_1_world-population-population-institutepopulation-estimates? s=PM:TECH. Hovel describes some potential effects of overpopulation and cites credible references. India will replace China as world’s most populated country by 2050. There will be 9 billion people by 2050. Highlights issues of freshwater scarcity and waste management. Hopkins, James. â€Å"Overpopulation: The Human Population Crisis. â€Å"Overpopulation: The Human Population Crisis. Web. 19 May 2012. http://www. cosmosmith. com/human_population_crisis. htm. Hopkins describes the issue of overpopulation from a mathematical and scientific standpoint. Exponential growth is applied to human population. Compares past population growth to recent growth. States that human population will reach 8 Billion by 2028. Describes carrying capacity. Compares population growth in third countries to that of rich countries. Describes nature â€Å"a the balance of existence. † Jan, Abid Ullah. â€Å"Overpopulation: Myths, Facts, and Politics. † Overpopulation:Myths, Facts, and Politics. Web. 19 May 2012. http://www. albalagh. net/population/overpopulation. shtml. This source is valuable because Jan views overpopulation from a different standpoint. Believes world population is actually declining. Recalls â€Å"hysteria† beginning in the 60s with Paul Ehrlich. Discusses poverty and underdevelopment in relation to overpopulation. â€Å"Latest Video. † Overpopulation Is a Myth |. Web. 19 May 2012. http://overpopulationisamyth. com/. This source is valuable because it also views overpopulation from the opposite standpoint. Challenges United Nations’ theory. Uses â€Å"scientific evidence. † Provides visuals. Mills, Richard. â€Å"Resource Scarcity and Population Growth. † FINANCIAL SENSE. N. p. , 01 June 2012. Web. 10 June 2012. http://www. financialsense. com/contributors/richard-mills/resourcescarcity-and-population-growth. National Geographic: Eye in the Sky–Overpopulation. † National Geographic:Eye in the Sky–Overpopulation. Web. 13 May 2012. http://www. nationalgeographic. com/eye/overpopulation/overpopulation. hml. Talks about population growth in third world countries. Mentions British economist Thomas Malthus. Cites U nited Nations. â€Å"OVERPOPULATION: A Key Factor in Species Extinction. † Overpopulation. Web. 19 May 2012. http://www. biologicaldiversity. org/campaigns/overpopulation/index. html. Discusses doubling of world population. Describes overpopulation as a key factor in species extinction. World Overpopulation Awareness. † WOA!! World Ovepopulation Awareness. Web. 19 May 2012. http://www. overpopulation. org/. Aims to solve issue with justice and compassion. Provides information on environment, sustainability, and human impacts and also covers a range of topics from nitrogen to global warming. Provides information on potential solutions. â€Å"Worst Environmental Problem? Overpopulation, Experts Say. † ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 18 Apr. 2009. Web. 19 May 2012. http://www. sciencedaily. com/releases/2009/04/090418075752. htm. Describes overpopulation as planet’s most pressing issue. How to cite The Environmental Issue of Overpopulation, Essay examples

Pornograpyh Essay Example For Students

Pornograpyh Essay Sexual morality has declined in America today. The immoral life can be seen all around us. We see it in drugs, alcohol, movies, magazines, gangs, teenage pregnancy, pre-marital sex, and society as a whole. A person can walk into almost any convenience store and purchase a magazine depicting naked women. Videos and movies with graphic sex scenes can be rented or watched in any movie theater. They have become more common than ever before. Almost every movie with an R rating will have at least onesex scene. Even Forrest Gump, a highly acclaimed movie, had a sexual act and nudity involved. Also public television has been known to show nudity and sex. Allusions are made to sex in every part of our life. Work, school, sports, and recreation are all forums through which unhealthy sexual views are expressed. One of the more predominant and obvious forums for the proliferation of unhealthy sexual desires is pornography. Pornography is displaying the human body in a perverse, sexual way. It ca n be found in film, magazine, television, on CD-ROM, and even the internet, and can range from soft-core, depicting natural poses and action, to hard-core, or depicting sex combined with violence, that any reasonable, decent, well-adjusted human being would recognize as horrible and disgusting. Much pornography is socially acceptable, with few people actively speaking out against it. Pornography can be bought at many adult or adult novelty shops. One only has to listen to any popular local radio station after 8 P.M. to hear strings of advertisements for local pornographic outlets. Television advertisements are shownalso, but not as often as on the radio. Pornography is so socially acceptable in todays society, that it is protected by the same amendment to the constitution that allows Pro-Life groups to protest abortion, the first amendment to the constitution. For years, the first amendment has been quoted to support pornography, as well as everything from freedom to protest abortio n, to freedom of holding Nazi views. The first amendment was drafted, not to protect boring, popular, or inoffensive views, however, but to protect the right of people to hold and express controversial ideas. There is a line, though. A television network cannot show images of children having sex, but it can show a naked woman, if the perspective is such that certain parts of her body are not seen. In Germany, access is blocked to certain chat rooms which contain pedophile pornography. In Denmark, the government has dropped all legal barriers against pornography for adults. Explicit magazines cannot be sold to anyone under the age of eighteen, showing some morality is still intact in America today, if not The Churchs stand on pornography is clear and obvious. The Catholic Church is adamantly against all pornography. Pornography offends against chastity because it perverts the conjugal act, the intimate giving of spouses to each other. It does grave injury to the dignity of its partic ipants (actors, vendors, the public), since each one becomes an object of base pleasure and illicit profit for others. The churchs view is that civil authorities should prevent the production and distribution of pornographic materials. God has willed that the expression of sexual ideas be within the confines of marriage. No man has the right to violate the will of God, and pornography is a violation of this will. It is an unnatural act, a immoral human act. The responsibility of the church over the matter of pornography is to be a clear, constant teacher of the faith, especially objective moral truth. We live in a time of permissiveness of moral violation and confusion. It is a time that demands that the church be a clear voice of morality and its role in society. .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26 , .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26 .postImageUrl , .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26 , .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26:hover , .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26:visited , .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26:active { border:0!important; } .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26:active , .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26 .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8117f3ff6da8b6f77af0b320b425bf26:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sex Education Essay Pornography and wanton violence in the media can blind people to the divine images, the very likeness of God, in the human being. We are made in the image of God, and to portray that image in a perverse and corrupt way for the enjoyment of others is not only immoral, but goes against our human nature and purpose, to know, love, and serve God in this life, as well as through to the next. To willingly disobey God and pervert one of his creatures is sacrilegious, and a grave offense against God. We must educate those in Catholic schools as to why pornography is wrong, and why we must fight against it. Combined, the voices of all morally fit individuals in society would be loud enough to cause the communications industry to cease the senseless proliferation of immoral content into society. Everyone must resist the temptation and notgive in to the grip that pornography has on a lot of people in this world. As it is now, in an unscientific poll, if offered just $100,000 to pose for a porno graphic magazine, almost fifty percent of high school students would seriously consider performing this immoral and unspeakable act. Pornography has many obvious as well as not-so-obvious consequences within society. Pornography has the power to ruin marriages, destroy trust, excite a person to the point of sexual crime, or create an unhealthy view of human sexuality and the opposite sex. If a married man purchases a pornographic magazine and looks through it, he involuntarily loses some respect for the opposite sex, by reducing them to an object to satisfy his sexual desire. If the magazine is discovered by his wife, she loses faith in him, weakening their marriage bond. If the magazine is discovered by one of his children, male or female, that child begins to form an unhealthy view of sexuality. Any person allowing themselves to be used to satisfy the sexual desire of another is sinning by causing another person to lust. There own perception of self-worth is diminished, as well as their perception of healthy sexual expression. Dress is another thing that causes a person to lust. If a young woman is dressed immod estly, it causes a man to desire her. Therefore, it is very important that every person dress modestly and not care what others think of their dress. When a young woman dresses immodestly, this may suggest that she is easy and some people willlook down on her. The restaurant chain Hooters is a perfect example of a bad tastein dress. The restaurant features scantily-clad women working as waitresses giving food to men who are only there to lust after them. Over seventy-five percent of the men areOn society as a whole, pornography acts as a moral anesthetic, deadening us to the effects of immoral life. Pornography is as much as a drug as alcohol is. When you get started on it, you cannot control yourself, and is hard to quit. The view of moral human sexuality is greatly harmed, when a person can walk past storefronts boasting Girls, Girls, Girls. Society as a whole needs to re-think its position on pornography, as well as human sexuality entirely. Also as individuals, we need to think about how our actions in regards to human sexuality affect those around us, as well as ourselves, our relationship with others, and our relationship with God. Pornography is accepted in the world today. Any movie theatre wont hesitate toshow a movie with pornography depicted in it if it will sell. The same goes for any bookstore which sells magazines. You can go into any major bookstore chain and see a Playboy magazine on the rack next to Sports Illustrated. Now what does this suggest?It suggests that Playboy is as widely read as Sports Illustrated. .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7 , .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7 .postImageUrl , .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7 , .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7:hover , .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7:visited , .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7:active { border:0!important; } .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7:active , .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7 .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u61e18207553716722f67c76328e3e3a7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Locker Room Talk EssayThe movie industry has glorified pornography in many movies. Movies are themain source of pornography, along with magazines. Any person can see pornography when watching one of the pay channels on the television late at night. This provides theoppurtunity for anyone with access to these channels to see pornography. Many childrenhave access to this. Also anyone with a computer and access to the internet has the oppurtunity to pick up some pornography. Some restrictions should be made on these things but people say that it violates their First Amendment right. Pornography is something that shouldnt be around. Women shouldnt be portrayed as sexual objects, but as an individual. Pornography is a very bad thingthat severes your relationship with God and is a big sin. Bibliography:

Salon William Steinmeier free essay sample

Unfortunately she isnt very good at coming up with ways to promote her business or come up with new revenue streams in order to keep profits up during a down economy. 3. If Jamie wants the promotion at the Riverview Mall Salon her customer and staff relations will be very beneficial. The Riverview Mall Salon location is already well established and thriving so her human skills will be very important. She will have to keep and exceed the customer service standards that have already helped the establishment be successful.She will also have to work very well with the staff, her reputation should help but anytime you have a management change you have the potential for conflict. She may have staff that like the way things have always been and wont be very receptive to change. I think her lack of vision is the thing that will hinder her the most. We will write a custom essay sample on Salon William Steinmeier or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page She has not been good at finding ways to remote, sell or change her current business in order to increase profits during a down economy. 4.Jamie should not have gotten upset in Margarines and customers presence about Holly and Carol Jean calling in sick. She should not have ordered Marianne to call Holly and Carol Jean that is not appropriate, if Jamie wants to handle her staff situation she need to make that call herself. Jamie should talk with Holly and Carol when they get back to work and see what the deal is. If they simply called in sick for a concert hey should be officially warned or if they have been before they should be terminated.Jamie should let Victoria take care of the situation with the irate customer. She is the assistant manager and if you dont think she can handle these situations she shouldnt be in the position. Jamie should not worry about losing the Mall position to her subordinate, she is the one who promoted Victoria which is a positive mark on Kamikazes record and should work in her favor.

Case Briefs for Law Students

Case Briefs for Law Students First of all, let’s get some terminology clear: a brief that an attorney writes is not the same as a case brief by a law student. Attorneys write appellate briefs or briefs in support of motions or other court pleadings whereas law students’ case briefs concern one case and summarize everything important you need to know about a case to help them prepare for class. But briefing can be very frustrating as a new law student. Here are some tips for getting the most out of your briefing. Case briefs are tools for you to use to prepare for class. You will typically have hours of reading for a given class and you will need to recall many details about the case at a moments notice in class (especially if you get called on by your professor). Your brief is a tool to help you refresh your recollection about what you read and quickly be able to reference the main points of the case. There are two main types of briefs – a written brief and a book brief. The Written Brief Most law schools recommend that you start with a written brief. These are either typed or handwritten and have some pretty typical headers summarizing the main points of a given case. Here is the commonly accepted framework of a written brief: Facts: This should be a quick list of facts, but make sure to include any legally significant facts.Procedural history: These are notes about the journey the case has taken through the court system.Issue presented: What is the legal issue that the court is discussing? Note, there can be more than one issue.Holding: This is the ruling of the court. If the issue presented is a question for the court to answer, then the holding is the answer to that question.Legal reasoning: This is a quick summary of the thought process used by the court to reach their conclusion.Rule of law: If the court applied any rules of law that are important, you want to write that down too.Concurring or dissenting opinions (if any): If your casebook included a concurring or dissenting opinion in your reading, you will need to read it carefully. It is there for a reason. Sometimes you might find that your professors ask very specific questions about cases that you want to include in your brief. An example of this would be a professor who always asked what the Plaintiff’s arguments were. Make sure you have a section in your brief about Plaintiff’s arguments. (If your professor consistently brings something up, you should also make sure that is included in your class notes.)   A Warning About Written Briefs One word of warning: Students can start to spend too much time working on briefs by writing out too much information. No one is going to read these briefs except you. Remember, they are just notes to solidify your understanding of the case and help you be prepared for class.   The Book Brief Some students prefer book briefing to writing out a full written brief. This approach, made popular by Law School Confidential, involves simply highlighting different parts of the case in different colors, right there in your textbook (hence the name). If it helps, you can also draw a little picture at the top to remind you of the facts (this is a great tip for visual learners). Thus, instead of referencing your written brief during class, you would instead turn to your casebooks and your color-coded highlighting to find what you are looking for. Some students find this to be easier and more effective than written briefs. How do you know it is right for you? Well, you give it a go and see if it helps you navigate the Socratic dialogue in class. If it doesn’t work for you, go back to your written briefs. Try each method out and remember briefs are just a tool for you. Your brief doesn’t need to look like the person’s sitting next to you as long as it keeps you focused and engaged in the class discussion.

Evolution of computer technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Evolution of computer technology - Essay Example The use of RISC overlaps many concepts in computer technology, with pipelining being one of the main characteristics of RISC (Cocke and Markstein, 2000). Pipelining typically refers to the improvement of the speed of processing instructions in a computer processor. In this concept, multiple instructions overlap in processing so that more instructions are processed. Instead of the computer processing one instruction at a time, many instructions are processed simultaneously. The processing of instructions is done in machine cycles, where one instruction is processed in one stage and moved to the next while another instruction is processed in the first stage. The main stages of pipelining include fetching the instruction, decoding, execution, memory access and write back (Cocke and Markstein, 2000). Similarly, superscalar processing improves the notion of pipelining in RISC. Earliest evolutions of RISC processors aimed to execute at the rate of one instruction per cycle, but with the in troduction of superscalar processors, this has been improved to more than one instruction per cycle. For the effective performance of computer technology, the memory that affects the speed needs to be effectively managed. According to Cocke and Markstein (2000), memory system management refers to the allocation and security of portions of computer memory to different programs. Memory system management helps in multitasking in the computer since it utilizes the concepts of pipelining and superscalar processing to ensure that computer programs are effectively managed. Memory system management is usually covered in four main concepts, with the main one being relocation. Cocke and Markstein (2000) indicate that virtual memory management should account for the storage of different parts of memory in different places, and also provide for the recalling of this memory. When a program is swapped in a pipeline, it is not placed in the original memory, which means that effective memory manage ment should tell where the program is stored for easy recall. The second concept is that of protection, where the different processes should be protected from each others’ references to avoid corruption (Carter, 2001). However, the different processes sometimes need to share memory, so memory system management should also be able to account for the sharing of information. Shared memory therefore forms part of inter-process memory, which effectively increases processing speed. Finally, memory system management should have effective methods of allocation of memory to different processes and programs in the computer. Logical allocations of the different modules in a program ensure that programs that need to share references are allocated effectively and others separated in other parts of memory. An example of effective memory allocation methods in memory system management is segmentation, where the memory is separated according to modules. One other concept that is used to incre ase the efficiency of processors is the use of caching. The use of cache memory is important since it is the bridge between the processor and the memory in a computer, so temporary instructions are usually stored in cache memory (Carter, 2001). Cache memory stores part or all of a program when it is being processed and also stores the data required by the processor for different factions. Some of the strategies used in caching to increase efficiency

Educational use of Information Technologies Essay

Educational use of Information Technologies - Essay Example The advent of computers has brought sweeping changes to the way children nationwide are learning. In classrooms across the country, todays first-graders do their addition problems behind a computer screen and middle-school students conduct research via the Internet, rather than the local libraries. The addition of technology in the classroom exposes children to computers and gives them a basic understanding of their use, but few teachers use technology to its full potential, leaving students and society at a disadvantage. Although technological advances make teaching and learning easier, a greater effort needs to be made to prepare youths for the intellectually-driven jobs of the future. Job availability in the information services sector is expected to grow by 11.6 percent by 2014, creating an estimated 364,000 jobs for those well-trained in the field of technology (U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Outlook, 2003, paragraph 22). As well, the nation is expected to see growth in the "soft skills" job sector, such as customer service positions, which requires a workforce with good math, written communication and problem-solving skills (U.S. Department of Labor 21st Century Workforce Initiative, 2004, paragraph 3). Just as the characteristics of the American classroom have evolved over the past few decades, the American workforce is also seeing a shift from manual, factory jobs to intellectually-driven service jobs. As technology continues to change and improve lives in todays global community, it is crucial that the American educational system keep pace by implementing technological advances in the classroom to improve the academic performance of students and ensu re that our nations youths are prepared when they enter the ever-evolving and expanding U.S. job market. In response to growing concern nationwide about the poor academic performance of the countrys schoolchildren, President George

Real Prison Culture And The Shawshank Redemption Sociology Essay

Real Prison Culture And The Shawshank Redemption Sociology Essay A large majority of the population will not have any knowledge of what prisons are a really like, if it was not for the movie studios and the television stations. The population acquire the knowledge about prisons through movies, documentaries, drama and action series involving actual prisons around the world as made available through these two medias. The National Geographic television channel has a program titled Lockdown where crews go inside actual prisons and film the everyday aspects of prison life. This program shows their viewers how difficult, stressful and how dangerous prisons are (National Geographic Television Production, 2010). Compared that with Hollywood movies where a director tells a story to his or her moviegoer customer. The director must ensure that he or she has included some of the real life aspects of the prison environment but he or she can exclude some of these aspects if it does not fit into the storyline. The movie Shawshank Redemption is a perfect example of this. The director, Frank Darabont did not to play the race card and allowed Andy Dufresne and Ellis Boyd Red Redding to become friends. Pending on which real life prison you look at, this might not occur. For example the program Lockdown did an episode titled Gang War. One of their film crews entered Salinas Valley State Prison in California and showed their viewers that the prison is a powder keg ready to erupt at any time because the prison is divided by racial lines (National Geographic Television Production, 2006). If a prisoner crosses these racial lines, violence will occur amongst the prisoner race and the race group he offends (National Geographic Television Production, 2010). This paper will explore the various aspects of prison life, using the movie Shawshank Redemption to show the various aspects of prison life. The following aspects of prison life will be explored: prison as a machine and its use as a form of punishment, prison adjustment on inmates and the prison c ulture. Prison Culture: A prisoner in a federal corrections institute in the United States of America by the name of Michael Santos has a website titled Prison News Blog Prison News and Commentary. Santos writes on what he has experienced while he has been incarcerated since he was 23 years old. Santos writes describing prisons and the prison subcultures as the following: Prisons are like mini communities, totally separated from the wider society. Those who live inside find cultures that differ in remarkable ways from the America that most citizens know and love (Santos, 2008). In this section of the paper the topic of prison subculture will be explored explaining culture in general, inmate subculture, the deprivation, importation models, pains of imprisonment, the different roles of inmates and the types of correction officers. Is there a difference between subculture and inmate subculture, the textbook describes the term subculture as the distinctive values, beliefs, norms, symbols, language, and ideologi es embraced by a particular group or community set apart from the larger society (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001, p. 131). The term inmate subculture is defined as the norms, beliefs, values, language, and ideologies by inmates within correctional institutions (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001, p. 131). An example of culture is the people who believe in the Roman Catholic religion. In comparison inmate subculture are people who are incarcerated at one of the federal, provincial or local correctional institutions and the social structure these inmates create and how these inmates interact with each other. Inmate subculture can be further explained by two approaches from Sykes in 1958 and then re-examined by Messinger in 1970. The first approach is the deprivation model, this model describes that prisoners experience considerable suffering and frustration attendant with the deprivation of [the daily] basic needs [a free citizen has] (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001, p. 132). The needs are the follow ing: freedom, time alone when you need it, you can purchase what you want and obtain the services you want, sexual relationships, independence and the feeling of being safe (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001). The above list of items can also be called the pains of imprisonment. The pains of imprisonment can be defined as the kinds of deprivations inmates experience by virtue of being in prison (Stojkovic Lovell, 1998, p. 244). This creates the inmate subculture and the social interactions between the inmates (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001). A single prisoner can function as an individual, me against the world attitude or allow themselves to integrate with the other inmates to alleviate the pains of imprisonment. (Stojkovic Lovell, 1998 and Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001). A prime of example from the movie The Shawshank Redemption is the character Andy Dufresne, Andy remains by himself until he starts to speak to Ellis Boyd Red Redding. Andy then allows himself to integrate into the inmate subc ulture and becomes friends with the warden, prison guards and other inmates. The second approach of the inmate subculture is the importation model which attributes the development of the prison subculture to the values, roles, beliefs, and inclinations that prisoners bring with them into the prison. [In short,] a prison is a microcosm of the outside society, reflection of the world outside the prison walls and not due to the pains of imprisonment (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001, p. 132). The importation model includes the prisoner-staff dynamic how they interact between each other. The three different types of inmates which are the following: awaiting trail, post conviction awaiting sentence and serving his or her prison sentence (Stojkovic Lovell, 1998 and Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001). The various racial groups within the prison population such as (African Americans, Latinos, Asians and Caucasians). The type of offence the inmate is in prison for and if the inmate is in prison for reoffending. The inmate subculture will be also be effected by the following: the personality differences of each of the inmates before being sentenced to prison. The hierarchy of the inmates in which the powerful ones will be on top and the weak ones will be on the bottom. The inmate sexual preference will also play a role e.g. sexual urges. Both models are very similar but the deprivation model looks at the pains of imprisonment, while the importation model looks at prison subculture and prisons are like cities in the free world. (Stojkovic Lovell, 1998 and Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001). Many examples from the movie come to light; they include the warden allowing the prisoners to work outside of the prison repairing the roof of the prison and other jobs as a work gang. The prison gang The Sisters and the leader Bogs Diamond trying to get Andy to perform oral sex on him. The last example from the movie is the economic system in prison, Ellis Boyd Red Redding gets Andy a rock hammer and two posters during Andys stay in prison. Red has to smuggle these items into the prison through the laundry area and the help of other inmates. Both the deprivation and importation models are valid theories but what an inmate does before he or she was incarcerated will have an impact on his or her behaviour while they are incarcerated in the prison system (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001). So if the inmate is an outsider before he or she were incarcerated they will be an outsider during the ir prison time. On the other hand, if the inmate does not respect authority and runs wild, he or she will be the same way in the prison system. In the prison system, inmates have established certain names for the various roles each inmate has. The term coined for this set of terms is prison argot rules (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001). The following are the roles that were seen in The Shawshank Redemption movie. The first role seen is fish. A fish implies [to] the vulnerability of the new inmate who must learn to adjust to the prison environment, in other words to sink or swim (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001, p.134). The movie depicts this role when Andy and the other new inmates are being unloaded from the bus and the older inmates are calling Andy and other new inmates names and making gestures about a reeling a fish in. The movie also shows the current inmates betting on which new inmate would be the first to cry the first night after lights out. Once the lights go out the current inmates start trying to make a new inmate cry. A Centre-Men are inmates that are unpopular with other inmates and these inmates attempt to ingratiate w ith the prison warden and guards (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001).The two characters in the movie are Andy and Brooks. Andy helps Warden Samuel Norton and the guards with their tax forms and investments and Brooks maintains the prison library and deliverers books to the other inmates. Both men are popular with the other inmates so they are not true centre-men because the other inmates are friendly to them. The next term is the Merchant/Peddler is an inmate who sells when he or she is in the position to give and the inmate population regards the merchant as someone who exploits his companions (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001, p.134). An example of a merchant/peddler in the movie is Red. He can get what you want if you are willing to pay his price for it. The last two argot terms depict in the movie is the wolf. A wolf is an inmate who take[s] on the male role in the sexual encounter [and] these individuals are very aggressive and a punk is inmate who is forced into the female sexual role. [The punk inmate] are forced into submission by wolves (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001, p.134). The movie portrays the character Bogs Diamond the leader of the prison gang The Sisters. Bogs and The Sisters assault Andy numerous times and one scene Bogs tries to get Andy to perform oral sex on him but does not prevail. The most important argot term in the prison world is the rat. A rat is an inmate who gives information about another inmate to prison officials in exchange for their own personal benefits, preferential treatment and the use of contraband goods (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001). Rats are the lowest of the low in the prison on the same level as rapist or child murderers. In short, if other inmates discover that someone is a rat then he or she will become an outsider in the prison. All these definitions are some of the argot rules that are part of the adjustment an inmate will have to face during their prison adjustment phase. As with inmate argot roles, correction officials (prison guards) have their own roles in terms of the different types of correction officials. The different types of officials are the following: the rule enforcer, hard liner, people worker, the synthetic officer and the loner guard (Cesaroni, 2010a). The first example is the Rule enforcer who is an officer that tends to be very rule based, inflexible officer who believes that he or she is in the prison to teach discipline. This officer is only interested in custody and control and does not want to negotiate with the inmates. Lastly this type of officer does not believe in being friendly to the inmates (Cesaroni, 2010a). The Hard liner officer is someone who is power hungry, enforces the rules very strictly, likes to punish and show their authority, this type of officer tends to be abusive and aggressive to the inmates and have a negative attitude with the inmates. He or she also identifies strongly with his or her follow officers and this type of officer has a negative attitude with the inmates and resent on having to provide any services to the inmates (Cesaroni, 2010a). The People worker officer tends to an older and experienced correctional officer. He or she relays on their verbal skills and common sense, interpersonal skills to resolve problems through mediation and not by conflicts. He or she is flexible with rules has a comfortable style with the inmates (Cesaroni, 2010a). This type of officer enjoys the challenge of dealing with the inmates and does not like being authoritarian with them (Cesaroni, 2010a). The Synthetic officer is a cross between the rule enforcer and the people worker in wh ich he or she follows the rules closely but takes each and every situation into consideration before reacting to it. This type of officer is firm but fair for each situation and they do not let themselves be taken advantage of by other correctional officers or inmates (Cesaroni, 2010a). Lastly the Loner officer, he or she strictly enforces the rules because this type of officer is afraid of being criticized. We see this type of officer with females or minorities. This officer does not want to negotiate with inmates and does not want to make mistakes while on duty. The officer enjoys working in the correctional administration part of the prisons and not rather on one-one-one relations with the inmates (Cesaroni, 2010a). Examples from the movie are the following: Warden Norton is depicted as a people worker officer at the start off of the movie when he informs the new inmates that he believes in two things, discipline and the bible but as the movie progresses the movie watcher sees Warden Norton true colours and the type of officer he really is. Norton shows that he is a hardliner officer by allowing inmate Tommy Williams to be murdered and Andy set free because of the new information that Williams has on who really murdered Andys wife and her mistress. Other examples of Norton being a hardliner officer is that he uses the inmates as inexpensive labourers and he takes bribes from other agencies who are competing on the same contracts. The last example is Captain Byron Hadley, the head officer. Hadley can be seen has a rule enforcer officer. In the movie Hadley is seen yelling, screaming, to re-establish order in the prison after the older inmate made a new inmate start to cry after lights out on Andy s first night at Shawshank. Hadley was the officer that uses his woodened asp baton on this inmate to confirm his authority with the older inmates and show it to the new inmates. Prison as a Form of Punishment and Prison as a Machine: As describe in lecture punishment is a necessary evil and when a punishment is invoked when someone is believed to have done wrong (Cesaroni, 2010b). In 1954, Andrew Flew outlined the rules of punishment. The rules of punishment are the following: there must be human suffering, as a result of a criminal offence; the offender who committed the offence is the only one being punished fourth [b]e the intentional creation of the suffering other humans in response to that offence and lastly [b]e inflicted by [an authorized governing body that created the rules and laws for the society as a whole that the offender has committed the offence in (Cesaroni, 2010b). In 1991, David Garland outlined the Sociological Perspectives on Punishment. The first perspective is the moral process. This perspective stated that punishment of the offender functions to preserve the shared values and norms of the society wishes. Punishment symbolizes and enacts moral judgements and punishment sustains solidarity and collective conscience (Cesaroni, 2010b). An example from the movie is when Andy is sentenced to two consecutive life terms. The second perspective is economic and political where a part of a wilder strategy of controlling the poor and lower classes (Cesaroni, 2010b). It is a known fact the offenders that come from poorer areas are treated harsher then people from wealthier areas. The prison system uses their inmates as a cheap labour force as seen the movie when the inmates are tarring the roof and other times seen working outside. The third perspective is power; knowledge and discipline (Garland, 1991). Power comes from the judges and the court to co nvict offenders (Cesaroni, 2010b). The prison system is setup to educate inmates and to reform these inmates. Prison Officers are the discipline in which they use in daily practice to keep order in prisons. In the movie one scene shows Warden Norton allows an officer to search Andys for illegal items but none are found but is pleased when the warden sees Andy reading the bible. Lastly cultural transformations are changes in attitude, conduct, social organization and modes of interactions (Cesaroni, 2010b). In the past 500 years there have been changes in how society handles the following sensitive issues: sex, violence, bodily functions, illness, suffering and death. Each of these sensitive issues has been moved from a public domain to a private domain (Cesaroni, 2010b). The above perspectives can explain the complicated items of prison as a form of punishment in society (Cesaroni, 2010b). The prison system has been developed to run like a well oiled machine. The prison machine system will not function correctly unless the inmates behave as the parts of the machine. Mason writes the following on the prison as a machine as a the system with its impenetrable sets of rules and regulations which grind on relentlessly. The effect of such mechanistic depiction of punishment is to highlight both the individual fight for survival and inherent process of dehumanization that comes with incarceration in the system. The monotony and regulation of prison life is most often depicted by the highly structured movement of prisoners (Mason, 2003, p. 289.) In the movie there are many examples of the above occurring. The first example is when Captain Hadley yells at an inmate you eat when youre told to eat, you shit when we say you shit, you piss when we say you piss are the set of rules and regulations which grind on relentlessly. The individual fight for survival and inherent process of dehumanization examples are the stay in the hole for Andy when he fights Bogs Diamond and the daily checks every morning by the officers before inmates go for their breakfast and the prison staff discovers Andy has escaped sometime during the night. Lastly the highly structured movement of prisoners is seen when they are being allowed out of their cells, going for meals, eating together and spending time in the yard. Prison Adjustment: When a new inmate enters a correctional institution (prison) the inmate will experience three stages of prison adjustments. The three stages are: initiation, prisonization/ institutionalization and rehabilitation. Based on Wheeler theory that prison life and culture is in a U-shaped curve (Cesaroni, 2010c). The top of the U is the entry period of the correctional institution for the inmate. This is a high stress period for an inmate regardless if they are a first timer or a repeat offender. The middle part of the U is where the prison inmate subculture is established and the inmate and is the farthest away of what they were like in the free world Cesaroni, 2010c). The last stage of the U is when the inmate is nearing the end of his or her sentence and starts to reconnect with their love ones and the outside world. This period is another stressful period for the inmate because the inmate does not know what to expect in the free world but is eagerly looking forward to it (Cesaroni, 201 0c). The initiation process according to Goffman is a radical shift in the social self. This adjustment to prison involves a psychological process (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001, p.130). Goffman refers this as the mortifications of self the process of adjusting to the institution requires the loss of a civilian identity and the incorporation of a new institutional identity (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001, p.131). This is depicted in the movie when Andy and the other new inmates are paraded in front of the older inmates and these inmates are calling them fish. The new inmates are then paraded into a dark room where Warden Norton and Captain Hadley continue this process by informing the inmates of the rule one no blasphemy and we tell you when you can do things. The inmates are told to strip down, are then hosed down with water and then are covered with a white powder. The inmates are given their prison clothes and a bible and a forced to walk through the prison naked to their cells. The text stat es that Clemmer argues that the inmates loss of autonomy encourages the inmate to identify with the prison hierarchal system that is very similar to that of the outside world (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001, p.131). Most of the new the inmates adjust to the prison subculture in order for these inmates to feel safe in prison environment and allowing them to learn and obey the rules of the prison (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001). Goffman describes the term total institution as a place of residence and work where a large number of like-situated individuals, cut off from the wider society for an appreciable period of time, together lead an enclosed, formally administered round of life (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001, p. 130). Prisons are controlling structures and social organization in which prisons functions. Clemmer coined the phrases prisonization or institutionalization. This refers to the process of socialization of an inmate into the subculture of the prison. This process includes [the] learning about the prisons subculture such as values, beliefs and behaviours that challenge the prison staff (Ishwaran Neugebauer, 2001, p. 131). An example of this is when Brooks is being released from Shawshank; Brooks did not want to leave Shawshank and was forced to do so. Brooks discovered he could not survive in the outside world after being in prison for fifty years. He killed himself by hanging himself in the halfway house after craving his name in the rafters. Offenders commit crimes mainly because they are lazy. They need to learn to work hard and be taught a new attitude toward work. (Cesaroni, 2010d). Thus last phase in the prison adjustment is the rehabilitation phase. In this phase the prison system attempts to re-educate inmates so one day they can return to the general public one day. Throughout history, a strong work ethic was directly related to a positive social behaviour. Currently, the prison systems are teaching the inmates that if you work hard, you will develop work skills that can be used in the free world (Cesaroni, 2010d). An example of this from the movie is the character Brooks, he was paroled after fifty years in Shawshank prison. The parole board got him employment with a grocery store and living in a half-way house. In the end Brooks could have been rehabilitated more to handle the stress after being in the prison system for five decades and the numerous social changes that occurred since Brooks has been in prison su ch as how common the automobile has become, electricity, how people dress. In conclusion, the Shawshank Redemption movie is the closest motion picture that depicts what prison is really like. It is a terrible place to live disconnected from the outside world. The movie also proves that all that correction officers are not the same. Some tend to be power hungry while others prefer to be loners working in the prison office. Inmate subculture is also dealt with by the movie showing the different the various types of roles prisoners have in prison. The three different stages of prison adjustment an inmate goes through while in the prison system. The stages are the initiation phase, the prisonization or institutionalization phase and the rehabilitation phase. Lastly the movie shows the prison system acting as machine and as form of punishment. The Shawshank Redemption is movie that should be watched by any student studying criminology.

Witness Statement

Witness Statement/Bosnia I think that we should not go to war unless the United States’ military, citizens, or leaders are involved in the problem. A very good example of when we did help and it ended badly was what happened in Bosnia in 1992. Many different ethnic and religious groups lived together under a repressive communist government in Yugoslavia. In April 1992, Serbia set out to ethnically cleanse the Bosnian territory by removing all Bosnian Muslims, the Bosniaks, after the president Tito died in 1980.In 1993, The UN learned about this cleanse and made Sarajevo and many other places safe areas for Bosniaks. Slobodan Milosevic responded to the UN by attacking Bosniaks and surrounding Sarajevo. He blocked all roadways and closed down all the airports in Sarajevo. The Serbs then opened fire on thousands of UN peacekeepers and other citizens. This was the largest massacre in Europe since World War 2 by killing a rough total of 23,000 women and children and 8,000 men, whic h many were part of the UN aid.The UN tried to help again by sending thousands of flights to try and air lift the remaining people out of this unsafe area. In December 1995, the U. S. led negotiations that ended the conflict in Bosnia and provided a force to maintain the problems in the area until it was safe. Some could argue that the UN’s help was critical to stopping this issue, but I think it made it worst. I understand that the issue would have been terrible if no one stepped in but the Serbs didn’t actually do something until they noticed that the UN declared a safe zone.The UN making a safe zone made Milosevic angry and he then took over the safe zone. It was unnecessary for anyone to get involved in this issue besides the Serbs and Bosniaks. There were many deaths that could have been stopped if the UN just left the situation unfold by itself. I think that we should not go to war unless we are a part of the problem and this is a perfect example of why.

Myth and the Evolution of Heroes

What is a hero? What comes to your mind when someone speaks of heroes and or heroines or Super Heroes and Heroines for that matter? Well lets see, Webster defines a super hero as a benevolent fictional character with superhuman powers and a hero as a person, typically a man, who is admired or idealized for their courage and outstanding achievements, and is typically identified as a person of noble qualities. A person who people will sympathize with. A man of the people. Or, the people’s champion if you will.These character types are often used in media and education and can be applied to almost any story, be it in literature, theatre, film, television series, games, or whatever. In classical mythology we find some of the first of many accounts of these Hero’s. In all actuality they could be called the first super hero’s. Although they did not have the superpowers that we come to expect from modern day super hero’s they still make the cut. And in many ways the heroes of legend could be what you would expect from (and I do use this loosely) real superheroes.See the births, backgrounds, and life’s of these characters are a bit more on the adult side of the movie store so to speak. They tend to reflect that of real people and real life. Not the real life that is watered down and boxed and fed to kids but the hard life and reality that we all come to realize is reality the more we grow up. Their stories are that of struggle, humility, sacrifices, and all that trial and tribulation that you have come to know and loathe through out the years.But at the same time they stick with the layout that, as though given to them of Russian scholar Vladimir Propp. See Propp broke down almost all myth with the publication of â€Å"Morphology of the Folk tale†. In this publication he depicted that all folk tales follow what is essentially a predefined course of action for almost all stories. Oddly enough this is still relevant to this day. A summary of which is the following: The hero usually has a birth that is very out of the normal. And from the moment of his birth he usually undergoes and over comes a threat to his life as a small child.As he grows up he usually under goes an extreme task and or an extreme amount of small tasks that for some reason or another he feels or is expected of him to prove his worth. Or these tasks maybe forces upon the hero by the antagonist. Usually these task are almost impossible and the hero then begins to meet friends and ally’s that aid him on his quest. These quests usually involve all type of thrills chills and of course the possibility of death for our hero. (Come on what epic story would be complete with out that? Also these quests always come with some sort of taboos that the hero must not do. They usually exist in the form of challenges that conflict’s with the up bringing of the character. Upon the over coming of that challenge the hero usually grows up, if the ir a kid you start to see where the hero is growing up. This concept is generally really popular with the long running cartoon stories of kids and helps the viewer learn right along side our protagonist. The viewer then grows with them and grows up with the character themselves learning life lessons.This is a good and bad thing. Because of this in modern society we have generations of children raised by stories as such. For some odd reason I guess lazy parents have taken these stories as alternatives to raising their children themselves. Ultimately death is the ultimate conquest that the hero will end up facing. This usually comes in the form of some journey to the underworld or realm of the dead or whatever they choose to call it. In some instances the hero actually dies and is resurrected.I know of a few stories where the hero dies and is resurrected numerous times symbolic of the conquest over death or maybe just the mocking of it to show off the heroes might. That not even death can stop them. From this point the hero then usually reaches a point of enlightenment or transcends into a higher being. This is a rough summary of Propp’s outline but most stories and heroes of legend commit to it. For example one of the most notable of extraordinary births is Perseus. Zeus got a hold of his mother while she was locked up in an underground chamber.After his birth his mother raised him there for four years in secret. After Acrisius discovered the birth of the child he put him and his mother in their coffin for an old sea man’s burial. They set a float until they landed on the island of Seriphos and were discovered by the old fisherman Dictys. Even when the hero’s are young or in some cases in there infancy they under go tribulation. Like Oedipus who’s name means â€Å"swollen-footed†. This is cause his feet were tied together when he was a baby so that he may never walk.He was to fulfill a prophecy that said he would kill his fath er and marry his mother, and thus brought disaster on his city and family. So he was supposed to be casted out into the wilderness and left to die. Fortune favors the young hero and he is eventually taken in and cared for until he comes of age and has Propp’s states must under go labors to prove his worth. The growing pains of Heracles’ 12 labors are probably the most famous in all of classical myth. The labors of the character’s journey are what transform the protagonist from joe-shmo to our loveable and courage’s hero.The meat and potatoes of the story, for it is here where they evolve into the hero. Cause their actions usually start from seemingly mundane but upon the completion of their mission they gain the praise of the people. In most cased because they end up saving a city, or a massive amount of people from destruction. Or a young woman of noble birth that resides, as say a princess of a powerful city. In some really basic stories after the compl etion of this the hero becomes king or just saves the day and wins the girl and then lives happily ever after.In others the end of the labors are signified by the defeat of the antagonist. Like the killing of Hector by Achilles. Some of my favorites are when upon the conclusion of the finale the hero dies. I know that sound kind of bad but the ending is more real because in these versions just as in real life there isn’t always a happy ending. Usually is these epics the hero is transformed into a legend and revered because of his ultimate sacrifice. Best example of this is Oedipus. He had worked his way into the Gods favor and upon his death Colonus was blessed.And through his death he was made into a hero once again. This motif is all to familiar to Christians for it is capstone for their believe structure. Theses allegories of myth show us how heroes come to be and through Propp’s illustration of all folktale template we see the underlying structure of all stories. A nd the evolution of all heroes.Works Cited Morford, Mark P. O and Roberet Lenardon. Classical Mythology 8th ed. New York: Oxford 2007. â€Å"Vladimir Propp† Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation Inc. July 07, 2010. .